• He thought that the needs of the rich mattered more than that of the poor - because he was all about greatness.

  • He viewed most of humanity as industrial waste in the process of creating superhumans.

  • His idealized superhumans won’t be caring about happiness, but would be hard ascetics.

  • They would care about efficiency.

  • In Thus Spoke Zarathusthra, he wrote: “Do I strive after happiness? No, I strive after my works!”

  • He criticized the dominant form of materialism in his time - atomism.

  • He hated metaphysics, since he thought philosophers couldn’t decide whether the transcendental reality or the world of appearances is more real.

  • He thought that morality and metaphysics were connected.

  • He wrote Thus Spoke Zarathusthra because he thought Zarathusthra was the first person to bring up morality - the divide between good and evil.

  • He wrote in Ecce Homo: “Zarathustra was the first to see in the struggle of good and evil the true wheel in the working of things — the translation of morality into the metaphysical, as force, first cause, end-in-itself, is his work.”

  • He uses Zarathusthra to go beyond morality and metaphysics.

  • He mocked Kant’s noumena

  • He filtered his idea of “eternal recurrence” through Hegel and Kant

  • He was too impressed by Hume to take “things in themselves” seriously

  • He believed in “will to power” or a desire to achieve self-perfection over Schopenhauer’s blind “will to live”