Pan and Scan

Basically, it sucks.

See: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LBZRQ723UnU (How Alien sucked on 4:3 with Pan and Scan)

Panning means “angling the camera left/right”, coming from the term Panorama. Angling the camera up and down is called Tilting.

Luckily, we got 16:9